Pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechi20, EmilFischer, akahwina Mubairo weNobel muChemistry muna 1901, akagadzira peptide yeglycine kekutanga, achiratidza kuti chimiro chechokwadi chepeptide chinoumbwa neamide mapfupa.Pashure pegore, akaronga shoko”peptide”, iyo yakatanga tsvakurudzo yesayenzi yepeptide.

Amino acids aimboonekwa sechikamu chidiki chemuviri's kutorwa kwezvikafu zveprotein, nepo peptides yaingozivikanwa sekuparara kwechipiri kweprotein.Nekukurumidza kukura kwesainzi uye kudya kunovaka muviri, masayendisiti akawana kuti mushure mekunge mapuroteni agayiwa uye akaora, kazhinji, mapeptides madiki anoumbwa ne2 kusvika ku3 amino acids anotorwa zvakananga nedumbu remunhu, uye kugona kunyura kwakakwira kupfuura izvozvo. imwe amino acids.Vanhu vakaziva zvishoma nezvishoma kuti peptide diki ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha muhupenyu, uye basa rayo rakatora chikamu munhengo dzese dzemuviri.

Peptide ipolymer yeamino acid, uye rudzi rwemusanganiswa pakati peamino acid neprotein, uye ine maviri kana anopfuura maviri amino acids akabatana kune mumwe nemumwe kuburikidza ne peptide cheni.Naizvozvo, mune imwe nguva, isu tinogona kufunga peptide haina kukwana decomposition chigadzirwa cheprotein.

Peptides inoumbwa neamino acids mune imwe kurongeka yakabatana ne peptide cheni.

Maererano neinogamuchirwa mazita, iyo yakakamurwa kuita oligopeptides, polypeptide uye mapuroteni.

Oligopeptide inoumbwa ne2-9 amino acids.

Polypeptide inoumbwa ne10-50 amino acids.

Protein inhengo yepeptide inoumbwa neanopfuura makumi mashanu amino acids.

Aive maonero ekuti kana protein yakapinda mumuviri, uye pasi pekuita kweakatevedzana ma enzymes ekugaya mukati megumbo rekudya raizogaya kuita polypeptide, oligopeptide, uye pakupedzisira yakaora kuita emahara amino acids, uye kutorwa kwemuviri kune mapuroteni kunogona chete kuve. yakaitwa nenzira yemahara amino acids.

Nekukurumidza kukura kwemazuva ano biological sainzi uye chikafu, masayendisiti akawana kuti oligopeptide inogona kunyudzwa zvachose neura, uye zvishoma nezvishoma inogamuchirwa nevanhu seiyo oligopeptide mhando I uye mhando II vatakuri vakabudirira cloned.

Tsvagiridzo yesainzi yakawana kuti oligopeptide ine yakasarudzika nzira yekunyudza:

1. Kutora zvakananga pasina kugaya.Iine firimu rinodzivirira pamusoro payo, iyo isingazoitirwe kune enzymatic hydrolysis nehuwandu hwema enzymes muhutano hwekudya kwevanhu, uye inopinda zvakananga mumukati mudiki muchimiro chakakwana uye inobatwa nemukati maduku.

2. Kukurumidza kutorwa.Pasina chero tsvina kana tsvina, uye kugadzirisa kwemasero akakuvadzwa.

3. Sezambuko rekutakura.Fambisa marudzi ese ezvikafu kumasero, nhengo nemasangano ari mumuviri.

Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muminda yakawanda senge kurapwa, chikafu uye cosmetic nekutora kwayo kuri nyore, chikafu chakapfuma uye zvakasiyana-siyana physiological effect, inova nzvimbo itsva inopisa mumunda wepamusoro-tech.Diki molecule peptide yakazivikanwa neNational Doping Control Analysis Organisation sechigadzirwa chakachengeteka chevamhanyi kuti vashandise, uye People's Liberation Army Eighth One Industrial Brigade iri kutora mamorekuru peptides.Madiki mamorekuru peptides akatsiva magetsi emagetsi aishandiswa nevatambi munguva yakapfuura.Mushure mekudzidziswa kwemakwikwi epamusoro-soro, kunwa kapu yemamorekuru madiki peptides zviri nani kudzoreredza kusimba kwemuviri uye kuchengetedza hutano pane mabhawa emagetsi.Kunyanya kukuvara kwemhasuru uye bhonzo, basa rekugadzirisa remamorekuru peptides haridzoreki.